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Liao and van Linden et al divided the
2024-07-26
Liao [47] and van Linden et al. [48] divided the gap between the N-terminal and C-terminal lobes into a front cleft or pocket, a gate area, and a back cleft. The back pocket corresponds to the gate area and the back cleft. The front cleft includes the Gly-rich loop, the hinge, the linker connecting
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br Author contributions br Funding This work was supported b
2024-07-26
Author contributions Funding This work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation, project no. 14-16220S. Additional support was provided by NIH R01CA117907 grant awarded to J.M.E. Conflict of interest Introduction The dioxin-like family includes polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons
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br Glioblastoma GBM is the highest grade
2024-07-26
Glioblastoma GBM is the highest-grade glioma (Grade IV) according to WHO classification and belongs to the most malignant form of NECA tumor. It is an incurable disease despite the use of aggressive treatments that include surgery and radiotherapy, usually in combination with chemotherapy [13]. G
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Unlike in humans hepatic expression of
2024-07-26
Unlike in humans, hepatic expression of FGF21 increases in mice consuming KD and is a necessary mediator of the physiologic adaptations to the diet. FGF21 knockout (KO) mice gain, rather than lose weight on the diet [6]. FGF21 also activates BAT in part by increasing SNS drive [3,7]. In addition, th
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Regarding A Rs and A ARs basal conditions generate
2024-07-26
Regarding A1Rs and A2ARs, basal conditions generate a low tone of endogenous adenosine and cause A1R activation, in contrast to situations of increased adenosine where A2AR activation becomes dominant. When adenosine concentrations rise, e.g. during hypoxia, also time appears likely important in reg
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Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems LIPS which utilizes
2024-07-25
Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems (LIPS), which utilizes recombinant antigens fused to the enzyme reporter Renilla luciferase (Ruc) to detect patient antibodies, provides a unique platform to investigate Valproic acid directed against a variety of antigenic targets [25]. Previously, LIPS has b
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As described in the introductory section the rotifer nervous
2024-07-25
As described in the introductory section, the rotifer nervous system would be capable to transmit smo inhibitor in throughout its neural pathways. In addition, Clément and Amsellem (1989) and Kotikova et al. (2001) suggested acetylcholine to be important for the functioning of rotifer muscles and t
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br Conclusion Biotransformation of trachyloban oic
2024-07-25
Conclusion Biotransformation of trachyloban-19-oic VUF 10166 by S. racemosum provided three products. Oxidation of compound 1 at C-17 (2–3), as well as rearrangement of 1 into a kaurane diterpene hydroxylated in C-16 and C-17 (4) were crucial for increasing AChE inhibitory activity. Compound 3 wa
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A similar circuit between pyramidal neurons and SST interneu
2024-07-25
A similar circuit between pyramidal neurons and SST interneurons is also prevalent in layers 2/3 of the cortex. The synapses onto SST interneurons, however, are functionally weak, raising questions about their computational power. In the first set of experiments, Urban-Ciecko et al. (2018) show that
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Introduction The lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease
2024-07-25
Introduction The lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease (Mendelian Inheritance in Man, OMIM #230800) results from the recessively inherited deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GCase, EC 3.2.1.45), caused by mutations in the gene GBA1 (MIM# 606463) located on chromosome 1q21. The enzymat
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Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation
2024-07-25
Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation and progression of many neoplastic conditions [149], and ATX may be a player in the process. ATX/LPA signaling is positively correlated with the invasive and metastatic potential of several cancers including melanoma, breast cancer, ovarian ca
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Previously we have detected the expression
2024-07-25
Previously, we have detected the expression of APJ receptor on stomach projecting C34 in DMV, in addition, icv administration of apelin-13 induced a remarkable c-Fos activation in those cells which were previously marked by a retrograde neuronal tracer fast blue (Birsen et al., 2016). Moreover, we
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In addition understanding the relationship between human met
2024-07-25
In addition, understanding the relationship between human metabolic processes and dietary antioxidant intake would provide opportunities for altering the diet to improve health (Prior, 2015). Prior et al. (2007) emphasized that excess reactive oxygen species, which occurred during the metabolism of
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The lack of benefit in terms of overall survival for
2024-07-25
The lack of benefit in terms of overall survival for antiangiogenic treatment was similar when antiangiogenic drug was used both as first and second-line therapy, and both in association with cytotoxic treatment or alone. Noteworthy, a trend for an inferior outcome was observed in the group of patie
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AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that is phosphorylated
2024-07-25
AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that is phosphorylated in response to high intracellular ADP levels to increase GLUT4 translocation into the cell, and subsequently, increase intracellular glucose levels to provide substrate to replenish ATP levels [25]. In metabolic syndrome, sequestration of plasm
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