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Collectively the results presented here provide new insights
2020-01-16
Collectively, the results presented here provide new insights into ligand binding, clustering, spatial distribution, and phosphorylation of DDR1b and DDR2 in response to soluble collagen I. As depicted in the cartoon of Scheme 1, we postulate a model in which the spatial distribution and assembly of
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Primidone receptor PBMC derived macrophages not only
2020-01-16
PBMC-derived macrophages not only express EBI2 but also have the ability to respond to their natural agonist 7α,25-OHC by activating downstream signal transduction pathways. In line with previous findings, our data confirm that receptor stimulation induces calcium mobilization which can be blocked b
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br Materials and methods br
2020-01-16
Materials and methods Acknowledgements SD was supported by a pre-doctoral research fellowship from the Flanders Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (VLAIO-Flanders, Belgium). YB is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium). We thank Isabelle
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Henderson et al reported that allergen induced
2020-01-16
Henderson et al. [20] reported that allergen-induced airway remodeling was blocked by the CysLT1 receptor antagonist montelukast. The development of epithelial thickening and mucus accumulation at relatively small bronchi was also suppressed by montelukast. The CysLT2 receptor antagonist BayCysLT2RA
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In conclusion our work provides the
2020-01-16
In conclusion, our work provides the preclinical evidence showing the potent in vivo efficacy of AT7519 on chemoresistant cancer RN486 and its underlying mechanisms of action. Our work supports the biological rationale behind the clinical trials initiated with AT7519, particularly for the treatment
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Finally unilateral microinjection of CP Astressin B
2020-01-16
Finally, unilateral microinjection of CP-376395, Astressin 2B, CP-376395 + CRF or ASTR 2B + CRF into the BLA (Fig. 3A) or CeA (Fig. 3B) did not significantly alter spontaneous motor activity in the open field test (F4,24 = 0.148, P > 0.05; F4,29 = 0.290, P > 0.05 in the BLA and CeA, respectively, AN
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After repeated intermittent exposure to a psychostimulant
2020-01-16
After repeated, intermittent exposure to a psychostimulant an augmentation of drug response to motor activity is commonly observed, a phenomenon known as behavioral sensitization (Kalivas and Stewart, 1991, Steketee and Kalivas, 2011). On the other hand, several reports have pointed out that stress
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tgf beta receptor 1 br Introduction Fibroblast growth factor
2020-01-15
Introduction Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a family of 18 secreted ligands that bind to four receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) FGF receptors (FGFR1–4). The interaction of FGFs with their cognate receptors results in the activation of a number of downstream signaling pathways, including the MAP
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In mice our EBI EGFP reporter
2020-01-15
In mice, our EBI2EGFP reporter showed that EBI2 is expressed consistently in naive T helper cells. Already single positive CD4+ thymocytes express EBI2 (not shown). In effector and regulatory T cells in naive mice, the percentage of EBI2 expression was lower (∼40%). Like others (Liu et al., 2011), w
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br Introduction Protein modification by
2020-01-15
Introduction Protein modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins is one of the most common and important regulatory mechanisms in biology (Finley et al., 2004, Pickart, 2004). Ubiquitination is carried out by an enzymatic cascade consisting of three steps. In the first step, ubiquitin i
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2020-01-15
Materials and methods Results Discussion Although autophagy is known to be implicated in the therapeutic effect of DNA alkylating agents such as MNNG [28], [29], [30], the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy induced by MNNG remain largely elusive. In this study, we present evidence sh
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Another notable finding in this study is
2020-01-15
Another notable finding in this study is that Cbl-b-mediated ubiquitination accelerates the degradation of phosphorylated DDR2. Cbl family has been documented to facilitate RTK degradation either in proteasome through K48-linked poly-ubiquitination or in lysosome through mono-, multiple mono- and K
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br Deregulation of CDK Many neurotoxic or stress
2020-01-15
Deregulation of CDK5 Many neurotoxic or stress conditions like ischemic Dyphylline damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, excitotoxicity, Aβ exposure lead to disruption of the tight regulation of Cdk5 (De Strooper et al., 2010). Calpain-mediated cleavage of p35 to p25 is activated
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The intricate roles and neural
2020-01-15
The intricate roles and neural systems and mechanisms involved in the CRF1 and CRF2 mediation of spontaneous and stress-induced anxiety behavior remain to be defined. Of particular relevance are studies evaluating the behavioral actions of CRF1 and CRF2 receptors separately as well as together. For
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17-Hydroxyprogesterone Drug drug interactions are frequently
2020-01-14
Drug-drug interactions are frequently attributed to functional alterations in CYP enzymes, including inhibition and induction (Chen et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2013). Mechanism-based inhibition is an irreversible form of enzyme inhibition and could form a stable inhibitor-enzyme complex, which is tho
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